A vast cloud of energetic particles surrounding a cluster of galaxies that existed around four billion years after the Big Bang could help scientists discover how the early universe took shape. But ...

The origins of the extremely high-energy particles that permeate the Universe, including protons, electrons, and neutrinos, continue to be one of the most enduring enigmas in contemporary astrophysics ...

Commonly seen velocity dispersion feature is marked with blue circles in lower energy range observed by Solar Orbiter, while the onset of inverse velocity particles is indicated with orange triangles ...

Researchers propose a new theory for the origin of dark matter, the invisible substance thought to give the universe its shape and structure. Their mathematical models show that dark matter could have ...