In an RL-based control system, the turbine (or wind farm) controller is realized as an agent that observes the state of the ...

PID loops are a central component of modulating boiler control systems with applications ranging from basic steam header pressure control to cascading 3-element drum level control. A modern ...

In the nearly 40 years since electronic control systems first became common features of industrial machines, controls theory has necessarily evolved to keep pace with machine design. Early on, systems ...

Although it is common knowledge that their efficiency is poor, Peltier thermoelectric elements are considered the most versatile cooling elements; they are used in a wide range of applications, such ...

Starting with the sensor, measuring and controlling temperature is an essential building block of process industries. Automatic control in continuous processes uses industrial control systems to ...