Security demands focus the need for authentication, encryption, and digital signatures in embedded network devices as more devices are connected to the Internet. Attacks on desktops, servers, and PCs ...

If you have sent any plaintext confidential emails to someone (most likely you did), have you ever questioned yourself about the mail being tampered with or read by anyone during transit? If not, you ...

The sender’s unique information should be used in a signature; It should be easy to create a signature; It should be impossible to falsify a signature computationally; A signature should be small.