Accurately measuring voltages requires minimizing the impact of the instrument connection to the tested circuit. Typical digital voltmeters (DVMs) use 10MO resistor networks to keep loading effects to ...

Variable Gain Amplifiers (VGAs) implemented in Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology have emerged as a critical component in modern analog and mixed-signal systems. These ...

In this exclusive series, Chipworks, one of the world's leading IC reverse-engineering houses, provides detailed functional and circuit analysis of significant new integrated circuits. Coupling actual ...

Transimpedance amplifiers (TIAs) implemented in CMOS technology remain critical components in a wide range of applications, from optical communication systems to sensing and instrumentation. These ...

Op Amps Continue To Flourish SINCE THE INTRODUCTION OF THE FIRST monolithic bipolar operational amplifier (op amp) in the mid-sixties by Fairchild Semiconductor (www.fairchildsemi.com), the technology ...